Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Comparative study of pethidine and clonidine for prevention of postoperative shivering. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study].
Patients with ischaemic heart disease and cardiac failure are endangered by an increase in oxygen consumption caused by postoperative shivering. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if pethidine and clonidine, which are well known for their effectiveness in the treatment of this undesirable side effect, can also prevent postoperative shivering if administered at the end of surgery. In addition it was investigated whether their intraoperative application influences the time of extubation and analgesics demand in the early postoperative period. ⋯ Intraoperative administration of clonidine (2 micrograms x kg-1) is suitable for prevention of postoperative shivering. Despite its sedative effects the recovery time until extubation was not prolonged. 0.3 mg x kg-1 pethidine proved to be less beneficial.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jan 1997
Review[Damage due to patient positioning in anesthesia and surgical medicine (1)].
Positioning a patient for surgery requires great care and caution. Correct positioning provides the surgeon with good access to the site, minimizes blood loss and reduces the risk of damage to nerves, soft tissue, compartments and the cardio-pulmonary system. Each position has its specific risks. ⋯ The interdisciplinary responsibilities concerning the positioning must be clearly defined and it is essential that the documentation of positioning as well as the documentation of positioning control is carried out as accurately as possible. Correct positioning can effectively aid surgery. Slovenly positioning should not be accepted, as there is a high probability of ill effects, possibly of permanent damage.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jan 1997
[EMLA for anesthesia of puncture sites for large lumen indwelling venous catheters for autologous plasma and erythrocyte concentrate donation].
The analgetic effect of EMLA-Creme (Lidocaine-Prilocaine-Cream) was studied in 52 patients undergoing preoperative autologous blood and/or plasma donation. ⋯ The application of EMLA-Creme results in an effective analgesia for venous puncture. 37% of our patients were punctured without any pain and 67% felt a tolerable pain (VAS: 0-10).