Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 2009
Review[Which perioperative tidal volume for patients with healthy lungs undergoing elective surgery? A qualitative systematic review of current evidence].
Lung-protective ventilation strategies for patients suffering from acute lung injury (ALI/ARDS) are well- accepted measures to improve outcome including mortality. But what tidal volume is the best for the patient with non-injured lungs undergoing elective surgery? ⋯ Only a few studies exist which examine the effect of protective ventilation settings on healthy lungs of patients not being critical-ill. The reported results are very heterogeneous and do not strongly support a lung- protective ventilation strategy. However, apart from reasoning based on pre-clinical experimental data, there is some clinical evidence, that suggests using lower tidal volumes in patients undergoing major or cardiac surgery, even if the patient does not present with an ALI/ARDS and is not critically ill at the time when the surgical procedure is performed.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 2009
Review[Review: common pediatric emergencies].
Pediatric emergencies are exceptional challenges for every emergency doctor. Referring to the complete spectrum of all emergencies the percentage of pediatric cases amounts 5-10%. ⋯ This article reviews the most common pediatric disease patterns that are of importance for the emergency doctor. The typical clinical symptoms will be outlined as well as the corresponding therapeutic measures.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 2009
Review[General strategies of care in paediatric emergency cases].
Due to the dramatic changes in anatomy and physiology from birth to adolescence children build a quite inhomogenous group of patients. However, the knowledge of these changes and the differences between children and adults are crucial for the adequate treatment of paediatric emergency medical cases. This article indicates the most important items for an emergency physician to know.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 2009
Review[Emergencies in pediatric traumatology--fractures in the growing age and pediatric polytrauma].
Deep knowledge of characteristic features of the growing skeleton is necessary for effective treatment of fractures in the pediatric population. The first part of emergency treatment of pediatric fractures involves immobilisation and appropriate pain management. ⋯ Generally, the principles of therapy of pediatric polytrauma are similar to the management of trauma in adults (ATLS). Nonetheless, attention must be paid to anatomical and physiological differences especially between young children and adults.