Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2022
[Perioperative Pain Management in Children].
Acute pain therapy in children is highly complex. Already preoperatively, the course for a successful therapy is set in the interaction with the child and parents. The goal of the treatment is a satisfied child. ⋯ Non-opioids and adjuvants - individually or in combination - have an established place in perioperative pain management. Non-pharmacological interventions can reduce anxiety and pain. Anxiety is one of the risk factors for chronic postsurgical pain.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2022
[Perioperative Complications in Pediatric Anesthesia].
Perioperative complications are more frequent in younger children, especially under the age of 3 years and in infants. The anatomy and physiology of children cause more respiratory adverse events compared to adult patients. Respiratory adverse events account for 60% of all anesthetic complications. ⋯ Routine prophylaxis of PONV above the age of 3 years is recommended. Frequency and severity of perioperative adverse events in pediatric anesthesia can be reduced by using algorithms and defined processes to allow for structured actions. Efficient communication and organization are mainstays for utilizing all medical options to reduce the risk of complications.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2022
[Anaesthesia and Perioperative Management for Patients with Parkinson's Disease].
Idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome is associated with the loss of dopaminergic cells. It is defined by the presence of akinesia together with one of the cardinal symptoms: rigor, tremor, or postural instability. As the perioperative management of these patients can be challenging and they have an increased perioperative risk, every anaesthesiologist should know some special features. ⋯ General anaesthesia should be performed with short acting anaesthetics and a regional anaesthesia might be beneficial. Besides, all dopamine antagonists sometimes used for prophylaxis or therapy of delirium or PONV (haloperidol, metoclopramide) are contraindicated. Alternatives are short-acting benzodiazepines, atypical neuroleptics and domperidone.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2022
Review[Safe and Appropriate Pharmacotherapy in Paediatric Anaesthesia].
Safe and appropriate pharmacotherapy in children requires knowledge of age-group-specific features regarding pharmacology and drug dosing. In addition, aspects of medication safety must be considered. This review highlights basic principles and discusses key facts; further research in paediatric databases is recommended (www.kinderformularium.de).
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2022
[Anesthetic Management in Pediatric Thoracic Surgery].
Pediatric thoracic anesthesia is a challenging task. Specific implications arise from the patients' developmental stage, the disease and the intervention. ⋯ Every step should be designed to provide optimal care. This article provides insight to specific airway, respiratory and regional anesthesia management in pediatric patients.