Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2007
Comparative StudyBlood concentrations of enflurane before, during, and after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
The purpose of this study was to determine blood concentrations of enflurane delivered via a membrane oxygenator during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with changes in the input enflurane concentration and temperature and to characterize the pharmacokinetics of enflurane washout during and after CPB. ⋯ It is concluded that exposure to enflurane concentrations greater than 0.8% during CPB can result in high blood concentrations.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialThe release of systemic inflammatory mediators is independent of cardiopulmonary bypass temperature.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of systemic CPB temperature on the production of the key mediators of the systemic inflammatory response to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. ⋯ The release of systemic inflammatory mediators after cardiac surgery was independent of mild hypothermia (32 degrees C) versus normothermia (36 degrees C) during CPB.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2007
Comparative StudyThe air-leak test is not a good predictor of postextubation adverse events in children undergoing cardiac surgery.
The air-leak test is recommended as a method of assessing the appropriate size of an uncuffed endotracheal tube (ETT) in children. The authors' primary objective was to determine whether the air-leak test would predict adverse events and reintubations after the removal of the ETT in children who have undergone cardiac surgery. ⋯ The air-leak test did not predict an increased risk for postextubation adverse events and reintubations in children undergoing elective congenital heart surgery.
-
J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2007
Effects of escalating doses of sildenafil on hemodynamics and gas exchange in children with pulmonary hypertension and congenital cardiac defects.
Sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer) is being increasingly used to treat pulmonary hypertension in children. However, there are limited data available to suggest dosage regimens. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of escalating doses of sildenafil on hemodynamics and gas exchange in children with pulmonary hypertension because of congenital cardiac defects. ⋯ For the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in children with congenital cardiac defects, a 0.5 mg/kg dose of sildenafil every 4 hours is therapeutically as effective as a 2.0 mg/kg dose every 4 hours. However, a large dose-ranging and pharmacokinetic study of sildenafil in children with pulmonary hypertension because of congenital cardiac defects is needed to validate the safety and efficacy of the dose-range and dosing interval suggested by this study.