Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
Preoperative Anemia and Risk for Perioperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.
To evaluate whether there is a relationship between preoperative anemia and domain-specific cognitive performance in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ Preoperative anemia may be associated with impairment of selective cognitive domains after surgery. Any effect of preoperative anemia may have on cognition after surgery might be related to lower nadir hemoglobin during cardiopulmonary bypass.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
Review2021 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Update, With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Focus.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous lung disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients, including those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019. Despite recent advances in pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics, ARDS is dangerously underdiagnosed, and supportive lung protective ventilation and prone positioning remain the mainstay interventions. Rescue therapies, including neuromuscular blockade and venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, remain a key component of clinical practice, although benefits are unclear. Even though coronavirus disease 2019 ARDS has some distinguishing features from traditional ARDS, including delayed onset, hyperinflammatory response, and pulmonary microthrombi, it clinically is similar to traditional ARDS and should be treated with established supportive therapies.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
ReviewScoring Systems for Risk Stratification in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.
Cardiac surgery is associated with significant mortality rates. Careful selection of surgical candidates is, therefore, vital to optimize morbidity and mortality outcomes. Risk scores can be used to inform this decision-making process. ⋯ There are many other scoring systems in existence; however, no perfect scoring system exists, therefore, additional research is needed as clinicians strive toward a more idealized risk stratification model. The purpose of this review is to discuss the advantages and limitations of some of the most commonly used risk stratification systems and use this to determine what an ideal scoring system might look like. This includes not only the generalizability of available scores but also their ease of use and predictive power.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2022
ReviewThe Year in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia: Selected Highlights from 2021.
This special article is the fourteenth in an annual series for the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. The authors thank the Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Kaplan, and the editorial board for the opportunity to continue this series; namely, the research highlights of the past year in the specialty of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesiology. ⋯ The fourth and final theme is an update in heart failure, with discussion of diverse aspects of this area. The themes selected for this fourteenth special article are only a few of the diverse advances in the specialty during 2021. These highlights will inform the reader of key updates on a variety of topics, leading to improvement of perioperative outcomes for patients with cardiothoracic and vascular disease.