Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2024
ReviewPractice Advisory for Postoperative Pain Management of Cardiac Surgical Patients: A Report by Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists.
Moderate to severe pain after cardiac surgery is relatively common, which increases the risk of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications and delays hospital discharge. Opioids have been useful agents for postoperative pain control after cardiac surgery, but are associated with serious adverse effects. ⋯ The advent of fascial plane blocks has expanded the use of regional analgesia for pain management after cardiac surgery that was otherwise limited due to the fear of devastating neurological sequelae in the setting of systemic anticoagulation. This practice advisory reviews and evaluates the recent literature related to the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies to treat pain after cardiac surgery to help providers with the selection of appropriate pain management interventions for their patients.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2024
ReviewNavigating Cardiovascular Events in Non-Cardiac Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Complications and Risk Assessment Strategies.
Cardiovascular complications following non-cardiac surgery pose a significant global concern, affecting millions of patients annually. These complications, ranging from asymptomatic troponin elevations to major adverse cardiac events, contribute to heightened morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures. The underlying mechanisms involve oxygen supply-demand imbalances and acute coronary syndromes precipitated by perioperative stressors. ⋯ An enhanced understanding regarding the standardized approaches is imperative in mitigating these complications effectively. Further research is essential to refine risk prediction models, validate biomarker thresholds, and elucidate the efficacy of preventive measures. Addressing these challenges can eventually lead to improved patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare resource utilization worldwide.