Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLidocaine for prevention of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation after release of aortic cross-clamping.
To determine the efficacy of a bolus of lidocaine administered by way of the pump before releasing the aortic cross-clamp (ACC) in preventing the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation. ⋯ The results suggest that a bolus of 100 mg of lidocaine administered 2 minutes before release of the ACC can safely decrease the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation and is associated with better hemodynamics after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2000
Echocardiographic assessment of coronary blood flow velocity during controlled hypotensive anesthesia with nitroglycerin.
To determine the effect of nitroglycerin on coronary blood flow velocity during controlled hypotensive anesthesia in humans. ⋯ During nitroglycerin-induced hypotensive anesthesia, coronary blood flow as assessed by peak diastolic left anterior descending flow velocity is preserved or increased in most patients. Increases in left anterior descending flow velocity are predictably achieved only at nitroglycerin doses >5 microg/kg/min. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is useful in monitoring coronary flow velocity responses to controlled hypotensive anesthesia.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialKetamine infusion versus isoflurane for the maintenance of anesthesia in the prebypass period in children with tetralogy of Fallot.
To evaluate the use of ketamine in comparison with isoflurane in the maintenance of anesthesia in children with tetralogy of Fallot. ⋯ The use of ketamine anesthesia is recommended as an alternative maintenance regimen in children undergoing definitive correction of tetralogy of Fallot.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialProtective ventilation attenuates postoperative pulmonary dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
To ascertain if protective ventilation can attenuate the damaging postoperative pulmonary effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (increases in airway pressure, decreases in lung compliance, and increases in shunt). ⋯ Data indicate that protective ventilation decreases pulmonary damage caused by mechanical ventilation in normal and abnormal lungs. The results of this investigation indicate that protective ventilation may also help attenuate the postoperative pulmonary dysfunction (increases in airway pressure, decreases in lung compliance, and increases in shunt) commonly seen in patients after exposure to cardiopulmonary bypass.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialHigh oxygen concentration exacerbates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced lung injury.
To investigate the effect of ventilation with 100% oxygen on lung injury associated with surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ A significant decrease of oxygenation was observed in the early post-CPB period in both groups of patients, with delay in recovery in patients treated with 100% oxygen. A larger increase of the proinflammatory cytokines was found in patients treated with 100% oxygen. High oxygen concentrations during surgery with CPB should be used only when specifically required.