Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Feb 2013
Racial and ethnic disparities in the use of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and outcomes for acute ischemic stroke.
Racial and ethnic disparities in acute stroke care in the United States have been previously reported. This study investigated possible racial and ethnic disparities in the administration and outcome of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) therapy for acute ischemic stroke in whites, blacks, Hispanics, and Asian/Pacific Islanders. Using the National Inpatient Sample for 2001-2008, we selected patients with a primary diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke who received treatment with rtPA. ⋯ There was no difference in the rate of tPA utilization between whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders (2.3% vs 2.2% P = .07). Multivariate analysis of morbidity, mortality, and ICH rates found that Asian/Pacific Islanders had significantly higher rates of mortality (odds ratio, 1.22, 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.44; P = .02) and ICH (odds ratio, 2.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.91-2.11; P < .0001) compared with whites. rtPA utilization was greater in white and Asian/Pacific Islander patients than in black and Hispanic patients. Asian/Pacific Islander race was associated with increased risk of ICH and mortality after rtPA administration.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Feb 2013
Clinical TrialImprovement of door-to-imaging time in acute stroke patients by implementation of an all-points alarm.
In patients with acute ischemic stroke, thrombolysis offers an opportunity to effectively reduce disability and dependency. The success of this treatment is time-dependent. The crucial diagnostic step before initiation of treatment is cerebral imaging. ⋯ The proportion of ischemic stroke patients receiving thrombolysis rose from 42% to 66% (P = .04). The per-protocol analysis confirmed these results. The implementation of an all-points alarm can result in significant reduction of the time needed for in-hospital pathways for acute stroke patients.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Feb 2013
Hospital prenotification of stroke patients by emergency medical services improves stroke time targets.
Prenotification to hospitals by emergency medical services of patients with suspected stroke is recommended to reduce delays in time-dependent therapies. We hypothesized that hospital prenotification would reduce recommended stroke time targets. ⋯ Prehospital notification of suspected stroke patients reduces time to stroke team arrival, CT scan completion, and CT scan interpretation. IV thrombolysis occurred twice as often in the prenotification group.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Feb 2013
Correlation between severity of carotid stenosis and vascular reserve measured by acetazolamide brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography.
Few studies have investigated the relationship between the degree of stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR). This study examined that relationship. A total of 56 ICAs in 43 patients were included. ⋯ In 72% of the cases with a CVR <30%, ICA stenosis was >74%. Using the SEE method, CVR was moderately correlated with the degree of ICA stenosis. Our findings indicate that evaluating CVR by ACZ-enhanced (123)IMP-SPECT in patients with ICA stenosis is of clinical value.