European radiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
MRI findings in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer: does dutasteride make MRI visible lesions less conspicuous? Results from a placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial.
To investigate changes in the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer taking dutasteride 0.5 mg or placebo. ⋯ • Dutasteride increases ADC and reduces conspicuity in small mpMRI-visible prostate cancers. • Knowledge of dutasteride exposure is important in the interpretation of prostate mpMRI. • A lower threshold for triggering biopsy may be appropriate on dutasteride.
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To determine the test-retest repeatability of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) measurements across institutions and MRI vendors, plus investigate the effect of post-processing methodology on measurement precision. ⋯ • In lung cancer, free-breathing DWI-MRI produces acceptable images with evaluable ADC measurement. • ADC repeatability coefficient-of-variation is 7.1% for lung tumours >2 cm. • ADC repeatability coefficient-of-variation is 3.9% for lung tumours >3 cm. • ADC measurement precision is unaffected by the post-processing software used. • In multicentre trials, 22% increase in ADC indicates positive treatment response.
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To compare dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in quantifying synovial inflammation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). ⋯ • MRI can quantify: dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI can quantify synovitis • Both DWI and DCE can differentiate active from inactive JIA • The DWI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is higher in active JIA • DWI is non-invasive and thus safer and more patient-friendly • DWI is a potentially powerful and non-invasive imaging biomarker for JIA.