European radiology
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To determine the acquisition delay after gadolinium-chelate injection that optimizes the prediction of the histological response during anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas (STS). ⋯ • Accuracy of response criteria based on contrast enhancement, like the Choi criteria, is dependent on the acquisition delay after gadolinium-chelate injection. • DCE-MRI helps determine the optimal acquisition delay after gadolinium-chelate injection for improving evaluation of tumor response. • In soft tissue sarcoma, an acquisition delay at 60 s optimizes the evaluation of the response and accuracy of the Choi criteria.
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Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the paraspinal muscles has been emerging as a surrogate marker in subjects with sarcopenia, lower back pain, injuries and neuromuscular disorders. The present study investigates the performance of paraspinal muscle PDFF and cross-sectional area (CSA) in predicting isometric muscle strength. ⋯ • We investigated the association of paraspinal muscle fat fraction based on chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI with isometric strength measurements in healthy subjects. • Erector spinae muscle PDFF correlated significantly with relative muscle strength. • PDFF measurements improved prediction of paraspinal muscle strength beyond CSA.
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To investigate the value of the whole-lesion histogram apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) metrics for differentiating low-risk from non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). ⋯ • Whole-lesion histogram ADC metrics could be helpful for differentiating low-risk from non-low-risk DCIS. • A high 5th percentile ADC was a significant factor associated with low-risk DCIS. • Risk stratification of DCIS is important for their management.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of performance metrics with digital 2D versus tomosynthesis mammography in the diagnostic setting.
To compare performance metrics between digital 2D mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in the diagnostic setting. ⋯ • Integration of tomosynthesis into the diagnostic setting is associated with improved performance. • A higher proportion of cancers are invasive rather than in situ with digital breast tomosynthesis. • Increased utilization of tomosynthesis may lead to a shift in established benchmarks.
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To evaluate MRI for lung cancer screening comparing LDCT- and MRI-derived Lung-RADS categories in the first two screening rounds. ⋯ Lung-RADS might be applied for lung cancer screening with MRI, since findings correlated with LDCT. Relevant findings with a Lung-RADS score of 3 and higher were never missed or underestimated by MRI KEY POINTS: • MRI performed comparably to low-dose CT in a lung cancer-screening programme. • Lung-RADS might be applied for lung cancer screening with MRI. • Lung-RADS findings score of 3 and higher were never missed by MRI.