European radiology
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Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) diagnosis by two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) can have poor inter-rater reliability. 3D ultrasound (3DUS) may be more reliably performed, particularly by novice users. We compared intra- and inter-rater reliability between expert and novice operators performing 2DUS and 3DUS for DDH. ⋯ • Novice/expert inter-rater reliability improved from poor with 2DUS to moderate/high with 3DUS. • Novice operators using 3DUS correctly classified 57/58 (98%) of infant hips. • DDH can be reliably assessed by novice operators using 3DUS.
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To determine the diagnostic accuracy of 68gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in comparison with 18F-fluoride-based PET/CT (NaF-PET/CT) and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer. ⋯ • PSMA-PET/CT assessed the presence of bone metastases correctly in all 55 patients • PSMA-PET/CT was more advantageous compared to WB-MRI • No difference was found between PSMA-PET/CT and NaF-PET/CT.
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To quantitatively compare the diagnostic values of various diffusion parameters obtained from mono- and biexponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs). ⋯ • Mono- and biexponential DWI and DKI are feasible for differentiating SPLs. • ADC (0, ≥500) has better performance than ADC (0, <500) in assessing SPLs. • IVIM and DKI have similar performance compared with conventional DWI in differentiating SPLs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized controlled trial of digital breast tomosynthesis versus digital mammography in population-based screening in Bergen: interim analysis of performance indicators from the To-Be trial.
To describe a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of digital breast tomosynthesis including synthesized two-dimensional mammograms (DBT) versus digital mammography (DM) in a population-based screening program for breast cancer and to compare selected secondary screening outcomes for the two techniques. ⋯ • In this RCT, DBT was associated with longer interpretation time than DM • Recall rates were lower for DBT than for DM • Mean glandular radiation dose did not differ between DBT and DM.
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With the implementation of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in lower-risk patients, evaluation of blood flow characteristics and the effect of TAVR on aortic dilatation becomes of considerable interest. We employed 4D flow MRI in the ascending aorta of patients after TAVR to assess wall shear stress (WSS) and compare blood flow patterns with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and age- and gender-matched controls. ⋯ • TAVR results in increased blood flow velocity and WSS in the ascending aorta. • Longitudinal assessment of aortic dilatation after TAVR is warranted in the era of potential TAVR in lower-risk patients. • Both TAVR and SAVR result in altered blood flow patterns in the ascending aorta when compared to age-matched controls.