Pediatric neurosurgery
-
Pediatric neurosurgery · Jan 1992
Intraoperative uses of ultrasound in the pediatric neurosurgical patient.
Ultrasound imaging has become a common method for intraoperative evaluation of the central nervous system. Real-time monitoring aids in guidance for aspiration of fluid collections and placement of catheters as well as the localization and evaluation of masses, and confirmation of their complete removal. Color Doppler is useful in the evaluation of blood flow in arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, and neoplasms. Consultation among the ultrasound staff, neuroradiologists, and neurosurgeons before the operative procedure maximizes the usefulness of ultrasound, thus aiding in the success of surgery.
-
The ability to detect and differentiate intracranial infection has markedly improved, first with the introduction of computed tomography and, more recently, with magnetic resonance. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is the procedure of choice in the evaluation of nearly all intracranial infections. ⋯ Computed tomography remains useful primarily in those infections associated with intracranial calcification, such as TORCH syndrome. This article summarizes the most recent CT and MR findings of infection involving the meninges and brain parenchyma.
-
Hydrocephalus is a common problem in pediatric neurological and neurosurgical practices. In this manuscript, the common imaging appearances of hydrocephalus are discussed in relation to the underlying causes of the hydrocephalus. ⋯ Finally the imaging findings associated with treatment of hydrocephalus are discussed. In particular, analysis of shunt function, the diagnosis of shunt failure, and the complications of shunting are stressed.