International journal of obstetric anesthesia
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Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyProgrammed intermittent epidural bolus versus continuous epidural infusion for pain relief during termination of pregnancy: a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial.
Pain is a major concern during medical abortion but no evidence-based recommendations for optimal analgesia during medical termination of pregnancy are available. We compared two methods of epidural analgesia during second trimester termination of pregnancy, with the primary aim of assessing the incidence of motor block. ⋯ During second trimester termination of pregnancy in our patient groups, a programmed intermittent epidural bolus technique was associated with less motor block and greater patient satisfaction than continuous epidural infusion. Both techniques had similar analgesic efficacy.
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Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of prophylactic bolus phenylephrine on hypotension during low-dose spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.
Continuously infused phenylephrine is frequently used to reduce the incidence of hypotension in women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, but less is known about the prophylactic bolus method. We evaluated three prophylactic bolus doses of phenylephrine during low-dose spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. ⋯ Under the conditions of this study, prophylactic bolus injection of phenylephrine 1.5μg/kg was a suitable alternative method for reducing the incidence of hypotension during low-dose spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.
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Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2016
Case ReportsNon-invasive cardiac output monitoring for cesarean delivery under epidural anesthesia in a patient with Marfan syndrome and cardiomyopathy.
Maternal cardiac output and stroke volume increase significantly at the time of cesarean delivery. Parturients with baseline myocardial dysfunction are at increased risk of cardiovascular decompensation in the peripartum period and close hemodynamic monitoring is warranted. We report our use of intraoperative non-invasive cardiac output monitoring during cesarean delivery under epidural anesthesia in a 24-year-old woman with dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to Marfan syndrome, aortic arch, aortic valve and mitral valve replacements and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 37%. ⋯ By the end of surgery, cardiac output and stroke volume ultimately increased by 66% and 84% of baseline values, respectively. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output did not appear to correlate despite the use of phenylephrine to manage hypotension. The patient remained hemodynamically stable with no evidence of acute volume overload.