Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
-
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Feb 2020
High-Negative Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG Antibody Titers and Long-Term Risk of Gastric Cancer: Results from a Large-Scale Population-Based Cohort Study in Japan.
Serologic testing of anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody, together with testing of pepsinogen I and II, is now widely used to stratify groups at high risk of gastric cancer in Japan. Those with a negative anti-H. pylori IgG titer, especially "high-negative" (3-<10 U/mL), are speculated to have higher risk of gastric cancer. We aimed to evaluate the association between a high-negative anti-H. pylori IgG titer and the long-term risk of gastric cancer in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) Cohort II. ⋯ Development of moderate or severe atrophic gastritis in subjects with high-negative anti-H. pylori IgG titer is suggested to increase risk of gastric cancer.
-
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Feb 2020
Medical Financial Hardship Intensity and Financial Sacrifice Associated with Cancer in the United States.
With rising costs of cancer care, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, medical financial hardship intensity and financial sacrifices due to cancer in the United States. ⋯ Efforts to mitigate financial hardship for cancer survivors are warranted, especially for those at high risk.
-
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Jan 2020
Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Campaigns.
Data to inform evidence-based policy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine delivery strategies in low- and middle-income countries are limited. We examined the cost-effectiveness of campaign compared with routine delivery strategies of adolescent female HPV vaccination in Uganda. ⋯ In settings where routine health systems infrastructure may be limited, reaching adolescent populations with a campaign delivery strategy may be an efficient use of resources.
-
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Jan 2020
Racial Differences in Treatment and Survival among Veterans and Non-Veterans with Stage I NSCLC: An Evaluation of Veterans Affairs and SEER-Medicare Populations.
Surgery is the preferred treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with radiation reserved for those not receiving surgery. Previous studies have shown lower rates of surgery among Blacks with stage I NSCLC than among Whites. ⋯ This supports the hypothesis that equal treatment correlates with equal outcomes and emphasizes the need to understand multilevel predictors of lung cancer treatment disparities.
-
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Nov 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of Switching to a Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Product on Biologically Relevant Biomarkers to Assess a Candidate Modified Risk Tobacco Product: A Randomized Trial.
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of chronic diseases; heating instead of burning tobacco can lower these risks, contributing to tobacco harm reduction. This study (with 984 adult American smokers) examined whether favorable changes occur in 8 co-primary endpoints (HDL-C, WBC, FEV1%pred, COHb, Total NNAL, sICAM-1, 11-DTX-B2, 8-epi-PGF2α) indicative of biological and functional effects when cigarette smokers switch to the heat-not-burn Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS). Additionally, these biomarkers of exposure (BoExp) were quantified: MHBMA, 3-HPMA, Total NNN, CEMA, 3-OH-B[a]P, HMPMA, Total 1-OHP, NEQ, and CO exhaled. ⋯ Improvements in 5 of 8 biomarkers of effect are supportive of the research hypothesis, suggestive of disease risk reduction potential for smokers switching to THS instead of continuing to smoke cigarettes.