Current opinion in urology
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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in men and remains the second most lethal malignancy. Most patients undergoing treatment elect for radical prostatectomy or radiation. As the number of patients treated has increased and survival improved, delayed complications of these modalities has assumed increased importance. Recent studies report an increased risk of certain cancers after radiation for prostate cancer. This review aims to summarize recent data. ⋯ Radiation therapy for prostate cancer is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. In our series, patients presented at higher stage than expected from population-based studies of bladder cancer. Patients and their physicians should be aware of such risks when choosing therapy for prostate cancer. Hematuria following radiation therapy for prostate cancer should be investigated rather than being attributed to radiation-induced cystitis.