Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America
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Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am. · Jul 2015
ReviewInitial Assessment and Resuscitation in Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains an important cause of hospital admission with an associated mortality of 2-14%. Initial patient evaluation includes rapid hemodynamic assessment, large-bore intravenous catheter insertion and volume resuscitation. ⋯ Patients should be risk stratified into low- and high-risk categories, using validated prognostic scoring systems such as the Glasgow-Blatchford, AIMS65 or Rockall scores. Effective early management of acute, nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is critical for improving patient outcomes.
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Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am. · Jul 2015
ReviewRole of Medical Therapy for Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mortality from UGIB has remained 5-10% over the past decade. ⋯ The use of postendoscopic intravenous proton pump inhibitors is strongly recommended for certain patient populations. Postendoscopic management also includes the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori, appropriate use of proton pump inhibitors and iron replacement therapy.