Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
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Immunotherapy using antibodies to immune checkpoint molecules or targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) represent dramatic advances in cancer treatment. These therapies mediate immune-related adverse events that may mimic or amplify infectious presentations. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy may be associated with diverse irAEs including mild skin, endocrine, and autoimmune manifestations or severe inflammatory processes including colitis, pneumonitis, myocarditis, and shock. ⋯ Immune activation may unmask subclinical infections. Clinical approaches must attempt to identify infections in the face of immunotherapy-associated inflammatory processes. Empirical antimicrobial therapies should not be delayed based on the presumption of noninfectious syndromes.
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On 29 April 2015, the Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County (DOH Miami-Dade) was notified by a local dermatologist of 3 patients with suspected nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection after receiving tattoos at a local tattoo studio. ⋯ WGS and SNP analyses identified the tap water and the bottle of graywash tattoo ink as the sources of the NTM infections.