Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR
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J Vasc Interv Radiol · Sep 1995
Management of large high-flow arteriovenous malformations of the shoulder and upper extremity with transcatheter embolotherapy.
To evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter embolization of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the shoulder and upper extremity. ⋯ Large, high-flow AVMs in the shoulder and upper extremity may be relatively refractory to intravascular treatment because of the diffuse involvement of the soft tissues by the AVM and the lack of a well-defined nidus. Transcatheter embolotherapy in these lesions should be reserved for patients undergoing resection to help decrease intraoperative bleeding.
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To determine whether the anatomic relationship between the subclavian vein (SCV) and the first rib is sufficiently constant to allow safe and reproducible fluoroscopically guided SCV puncture. ⋯ The SCV is reliably constant in its relation to the first rib. The first rib alone provides a reliable fluoroscopic marker for safe SCV access without the need for ultrasound guidance or peripheral contrast material administration.
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The development of small-diameter flexible endoscopes has expanded the role of biliary endoscopy to include percutaneous interventions. Percutaneous biliary endoscopy is a technique that is easily learned. ⋯ Therefore, the initial capital costs associated with flexible biliary endoscopy are minimal. Percutaneous biliary endoscopy in the interventional radiology suite is an ideal arrangement to facilitate a wide variety of biliary diagnostic and interventional procedures.