Das Gesundheitswesen
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Das Gesundheitswesen · Jan 1993
[The concept of environmental pollution for emission control in regulating carcinogenic air pollutants in outdoor air].
The Conference of Ministers for the Environment commissioned a working group of the Länder Committee for Immission Protection to develop a concept of guidelines for the concentration of carcinogenic pollutants in the atmospheric aerosol. Of the large number of substances which have been identified as carcinogenic, seven were selected (arsenic, asbestos, benzene, cadmium, diesel exhaust, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-(p)-dioxin). These substances are emitted into the environment by amounts that are quantitatively of special importance for immission control. ⋯ The quantitative risk assessment by the working group was based on the WHO's "unit risk" model. It was decided that for evolving the guidelines the total cancer risk for all carcinogenic air pollutants be limited while at the same time the possible risk attributed to each individual substance should be reduced according to its contribution to the actual total cancer risk. The synthetic model developed by the working group is explained in detail and the resulting guidelines for an acceptable total cancer risk of 1:1000, 1:2500 und 1:5000 are stated.
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Das Gesundheitswesen · Jan 1993
[Experience with preventive measles, mumps and rubella vaccination in unified Germany].
Considerable immunity gaps in respect of mumps and rubella (German measles) of up to 30% among pupils of the prepuberty age are the requisite arguments in favour of the need for vaccination measures. Combined protective vaccination with live attenuated measles-mumps-rubella vaccine without preceding laboratory tests is recommended for practical reasons and economy. ⋯ A booster effect can be demonstrated in vaccinated persons with low or borderline antibody levels. Revaccination from the 6th year of life onwards is recommended and advocated to close existing vaccination and immunity gaps.