Internal medicine
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The purpose of the present study was to determine whether electroencephalographic (EEG) and cardiac arousal, i.e. heart rate elevation at the termination of apnea/hypopnea are related to aging. ⋯ Our findings suggest that the differences in EEG and cardiac arousal, and the pattern of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) between middle-aged and elderly patients with SDB might be a physiological phenomenon of aging.
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Hyperinsulinemia has been associated with the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and renal disease in nondiabetic subjects. However, direct evidence that hyperinsulinemia per se is directly associated with atherosclerosis has been conflicting. The present study was designed to investigate the cross-sectional association of carotid artery atherosclerosis with insulin, independent of well-known cardiovascular risk factors, in nondiabetic subjects. ⋯ Fasting hyperinsulinemia does not appear to be correlated with carotid artery atherosclerosis based on the present cross-sectional results.