Internal medicine
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A 32-year-old man was admitted for the evaluation of proteinuria (5.69 g/day). A light microscopic examination showed markedly dilated glomerular capillary loops with vacuolated areas in many glomeruli, and vacuolated areas were seen on peritubular capillaries in the tubulointerstitium. ⋯ A genetic analysis of apoE showed that the lipoprotein glomerulopathy was due to apoE-Sendai (Arg145Pro, p. R163P) heterozygosity, which was found in not only the patient but also his mother and twin brother.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors are effective treatments for solid tumors. These new classes of anti-cancer agents frequently cause kidney-related side effects. ⋯ The combination therapy was discontinued and replaced with intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone. Subsequently, the urinary protein excretion levels declined.
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We herein report a 90-year-old immunocompromised woman who developed right upper limb weakness and right ptosis with a miotic pupil 1 week after oral therapy for zoster on the right T2 dermatome. The right pupil was dilated with instillation of 1% apraclonidine, indicating Horner's syndrome. ⋯ Focal weakness related to zoster, generally known as segmental zoster paresis, improved over five months, but Horner's syndrome remained. We suggest that aggressive intravenous treatment should be considered for rare cases of zoster that occur with a combination of these two neurological conditions.
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A 54-year-old man whose awake percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 94% was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea by polysomnography (PSG). His apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 138.8 (AI: 4.7 and HI: 134.1), so he was treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and his condition was considered well-controlled by the CPAP tracking system (AHI=3.4), with improvement seen in his symptoms when he left our hospital. ⋯ His hypercapnia improved following voluntary hyperventilation. Idiopathic central alveolar hypoventilation was diagnosed, with the AHI considered to be well-controlled by the CPAP tracking system but not at all according to PSG.
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Case Reports
Pembrolizumab-induced Myopathy with Anti-striated Muscle Antibodies Successfully Treated by Plasma Exchange.
A 70-year-old woman with advanced endometrial cancer developed right ptosis and muscle weakness in the right quadriceps after pembrolizumab administration. Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels were elevated, and anti-striated muscle antibodies were positive. On magnetic resonance imaging, the right vastus lateral muscle showed an abnormal signal. ⋯ We then introduced oral corticosteroids, which improved her muscle weakness. We were able to rapidly diagnose her with ocular symptoms and serum CK level elevation. The early initiation of PE might prevent the exacerbation of pembrolizumab-induced myopathy.