European journal of public health
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Eur J Public Health · Oct 2007
Convergence of male and female lung cancer mortality at younger ages in the European Union and Russia.
Lung cancer epidemics emerged first among males in European countries in the first half of the 20th century and then among females in the second half. We have explored the recent convergence in sex ratios. ⋯ At the beginning of 21st century, there is a general tendency for sex ratios for lung cancer mortality to converge towards 1, but with considerable variation in the extent to which such convergence has been realized.
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Eur J Public Health · Jun 2007
Comparative StudyA tale of two cities: factors affecting place of cancer death in London and New York.
Most American and English cancer patients prefer to die at home. Factors associated with greater likelihood of dying at home have been contradictory in many studies and no studies have compared the effects of factors in different countries. The objective of this paper is to compare the factors affecting place of cancer death in two major cities, New York and London. ⋯ Site of death varies significantly by patient and area characteristics in both cities, an understanding, which should be taken account of in future planning of end-of-life care.
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Eur J Public Health · Apr 2007
Comparative StudyDoes better access to primary care reduce utilization of hospital accident and emergency departments? A time-series analysis.
Availability of primary care emergency facilities has been improved to help curb heavy growth in the use of Accident and Emergency Departments (A&EDs). The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between time series for visits to hospital A&EDs and primary care centres. ⋯ The rise in use of primary care emergency services did not reduce use of the hospital A&ED.
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Eur J Public Health · Apr 2007
'It's interesting how few people die from smoking': tobacco industry efforts to minimize risk and discredit health promotion.
It is well known that the tobacco industry has placed articles in scientific literature to maintain controversy over the dangers of tobacco use, while claiming that smokers are well-informed about risk. This study illuminates an industry attempt to directly undermine popular understanding of the hazards of smoking using an industry-created organization called Associates for Research in the Science of Enjoyment (ARISE). ⋯ ARISE successfully planted stories in the press, designed to allay the health concerns of smokers and to discredit health promotion information and practices. ARISE's later interest in food suggests that counterfactual 'health' messages on almost any topic could be promoted similarly, regardless of their implausibility.