Acta paediatrica
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhoea.
Certain probiotic agents, e.g. Lactobacillus GG, have shown efficacy in clinical trials for the treatment of acute childhood diarrhoea, but few studies have examined the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii. We evaluated the effect of S. boulardii in children with acute diarrhoea. ⋯ The placebo-controlled study suggested that S. boulardii significantly reduced the duration of acute diarrhoea and the duration of hospital stay. S. boulardii seems to be a promising agent for the amelioration of the course of acute diarrhoea in children when used therapeutically.
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To discuss a hypothesis regarding the impact and possible side effects of glutamate in paediatric parenteral nutrition. ⋯ We are concerned that GLU-containing parenteral nutrition may not only increase the risk of hypothalamic damage in neurosurgical patients with an impaired blood-brain barrier, and in patients with periventricular leukomalacia, but may also permanently damage the arcuate nucleus neurones in the very immature infant. This may result in later impairment of feeding regulation, obesity, hyperleptinaemia, and other symptoms that characterize the "thrifty phenotype" and the dysmetabolic syndrome. We strongly suggest reconsidering the recommended daily allowances of amino acids, particularly the use of GLU, in current paediatric parenteral nutrition.
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Few retrospective studies have evaluated infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) for associated urological anomalies. They have led to contradictory conclusions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of urinary tract anomalies in infants with HPS and to establish the clinical significance of this association. ⋯ The incidence of abnormal renal ultrasound in children with HPS is similar to the reported incidence of 3-6% determined with routine ultrasound screening of healthy newborns. The abnormalities detected were not clinically relevant and did not require surgical intervention. We do not recommend screening of the urinary tract in infants with HPS.