Acta paediatrica
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in children--a prospective randomized double-blind study.
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications related to surgery and anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess whether sevoflurane, with or without the use of an antiemetic such as ondansetron, increases or not the incidence of PONV in children. ⋯ We found that the use of ondansetron did not change the incidence of PONV, the avoidance of opioids and the adequate analgesia may contribute to this. Post-operative oral intake of liquid, (within the first 4 h), increases the risk for PONV.
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We report a preterm infant with extensive systemic air embolism after cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest due to an occluding thrombus in the inferior vena cava. After excluding other potential causes (air infusion, necrotizing enterocolitis or pulmonary leakage syndrome), we postulate that the pressure gradient needed for air embolism to occur is related to the resuscitation procedure. An important clue of air embolism was noted on the chest X-ray taken before death showing intracardial air. ⋯ Systemic air embolism may occur as a very rare complication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Acute poisonings are a major cause of morbidity among children. This study aims to describe the incidence and nature of emergency visits for acute paediatric poisoning among Finnish children. ⋯ Acute paediatric poisonings represent a relatively frequent problem in Finland, and remain a life-threatening problem. The high proportion of alcohol poisonings highlights the necessity to develop more effective primary prevention programs.
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Accurate prediction of the prognosis of infants with very low birth weight is beneficial both for their parents and for healthcare professionals. ⋯ In infants with a low birth weight between 1500 g and 2499 g, an Apgar score at 5 min of less than 5 is a good predictor of neonatal mortality. The score is not useful in predicting the short-term prognosis of very low-birth-weight infants.