American journal of surgery
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The term secondary abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been applied to describe trauma patients who develop ACS but do not have abdominal injuries. The purpose of this study was to describe major trauma victims who developed secondary ACS during standardized shock resuscitation. ⋯ Secondary ACS is an early but, if appropriately monitored, recognizable complication in patients with major nonabdominal trauma who require aggressive resuscitation.
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Traditional surgical teaching stresses that hypotension is an indicator of loss of circulating blood volume. The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate hypotensive injured children for evidence of a hemorrhagic insult. ⋯ Hypotension should not be viewed only as a potential marker of loss of circulating volume, but also as a possible indicator of head injury in young trauma victims.
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Review
Identifying patients with severe sepsis who should not be treated with drotrecogin alfa (activated).
Historically, clinical trials evaluating treatment of patients with severe sepsis have failed to show a reduction of mortality. However, retrospective analyses of some of these trials showed benefits in certain patient subgroups. ⋯ Appropriate patient selection will be a key factor in the use of this newly approved therapeutic agent to treat severe sepsis. A review of the exclusion criteria used in the PROWESS trial should provide clinicians with a way of differentiating those patients in the critical care setting who will benefit most from treatment with drotrecogin alfa (activated) from those who should not be treated.
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An analysis of risks and benefits is an important component of patient care. Drotrecogin alfa (activated), the first approved cogin (a class of recombinant human coagulation inhibitors), provides a clear example of a treatment that requires a careful risk-benefit analysis. ⋯ However, the drug is a natural antithrombotic that can increase the risk of bleeding in recipients. We will discuss bleeding and other potential risks associated with drotrecogin alfa (activated) treatment, as well as the survival benefits seen with the use of this therapy in patients with severe sepsis.