American journal of surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Sublingual hyoscyamine spray as premedication for colonoscopy: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.
Colonic motility and spasm during colonoscopy may affect duration and quality of the examination as well as patient comfort during and after the procedure. Previous studies assessing the utility of antispasmodic agents in colonoscopy demonstrated conflicting results. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sublingual hyoscyamine spray (IB-Stat, Inkine Pharmaceutical) on the performance of colonoscopy. ⋯ Procedural difficulty and colonic motility scores were significantly lower in subjects who received sublingual hyoscyamine before colonoscopy.
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Clinical studies suggest that leukocytes in banked blood may increase infectious complications after transfusion. However, these investigations included few injured patients. Therefore, the effect of the use of leukoreduced red blood cell (RBC) products in this patient population is unknown. In addition, large numbers of RBC transfusions are frequently required in the treatment of patients with hemorrhagic shock, which may have a more profound effect on infectious risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of prestorage leukoreduction on infectious complications in injured patients. ⋯ Prestorage leukoreduction is associated with a reduction of infectious complications in injured patients. Furthermore, this protective effect appears more pronounced in patients receiving massive transfusion (>6 U packed RBCs).