American journal of surgery
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized trial of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical site infection after open mesh-plug hernia repair.
The efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical-site infection (SSI) after open tension-free inguinal hernia repair remains controversial. ⋯ This study indicates that antibiotic prophylaxis is effective for the prevention of SSI after open mesh-plug hernia repair.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Use of ketorolac is associated with decreased pneumonia following rib fractures.
The effectiveness of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketorolac in reducing pulmonary morbidity after rib fractures remains largely unknown. ⋯ Early administration of ketorolac to patients with rib fractures is associated with a decreased likelihood of pneumonia, without apparent risks.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Temporal trends and volume-outcome associations in periampullary cancer patients: a propensity score-adjusted nationwide population-based study.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in the incidence of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with periampullary cancers and the impact of hospital volume and surgeon volume on patient outcomes and to explore predictors of these outcomes. ⋯ The data indicate that analysis and emulation of the treatment strategies used by high-volume hospitals and high-volume surgeons may reduce overall hospital resource use. Because high-volume hospitals and surgeons consistently achieve superior outcomes of PD, their treatment strategies should be carefully analyzed and emulated.
-
Comparative Study
Interhospital transfer of blunt multiply injured patients to a level 1 trauma center does not adversely affect outcome.
Stops at nontrauma centers for severely injured patients are thought to increase deaths and costs, potentially because of unnecessary imaging and indecisive/delayed care of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). ⋯ Interhospital transfer does not affect the outcome of blunt trauma patients. However, the unnecessarily prolonged stay of low GCS patients in hospitals lacking neurosurgical care is inappropriate.
-
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Sodium Model (MELD-Na) is a validated scoring system that uses bilirubin, international normalized ratio, serum creatinine, and sodium to predict mortality in cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to identify the utility of MELD-Na to predict patient outcomes, with and without liver disease, after elective colon cancer surgery. ⋯ Elevated preoperative MELD-Na score is significantly associated with worse outcomes after elective resection for colon cancer.