Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSevoflurane in paediatric anaesthesia: effects on respiration and circulation during induction and recovery.
This study examined induction and recovery times and respiratory and cardiovascular changes during induction and recovery in paediatric patients undergoing anaesthesia under spontaneous respiration induced with sevoflurane (S group, n = 10) and halothane (H group, n = 9) at 2.4 MAC. FET/FI increased more rapidly, the incidence of breath holding and coughing was less and the recovery time was shorter in the S group compared with the H group. ⋯ Slight decrease in blood pressure was observed during induction in the S group, while the circulatory depression was not observed during induction in the H group. These results suggest that sevoflurane is a suitable agent for induction under spontaneous respiration with higher concentrations in paediatric anaesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of 4.5% human albumin solution and Haemaccel in neonates undergoing major surgery.
In a randomized blinded study we compared two colloid solutions in 30 neonates undergoing major surgery. Fifteen neonates received 4.5% Human albumin solution (HAS) (mean volume 25.6 ml.kg-1, SD 9.5) and the others received Haemaccel (Hoechst) (24.9 ml.kg-1, SD 10). Pre and postoperative plasma albumin and haemoglobin concentrations and plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) were compared. ⋯ In the HAS group there was no significant change in either the plasma albumin concentration or COP. There was a small but significant decrease in the mean haemoglobin concentration from 15.92 to 14.35 g.dl-1 (mean difference 1.56, CI 0.57 to 2.55) after HAS. We conclude that HAS is the superior colloid for volume replacement in neonates undergoing surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialMorphine consumption and respiratory depression in children receiving postoperative analgesia from continuous morphine infusion or patient controlled analgesia.
Thirty children, aged between five and 15 years, were randomly allocated to receive postoperative analgesia from continuous morphine infusion (CMI) or patient controlled analgesia (PCA), also using morphine. The children's morphine consumption, respiratory rates, oxygen saturations and observation points during which they were sleeping were recorded during two periods, one on the day of operation and one the following day. ⋯ Children aged between nine and 15 years using PCA had significantly lower minimum respiratory rates and minimum oxygen saturations than similarly aged children receiving continuous infusions. There was no significant difference between the PCA and CMI groups in the number of observation times that the children were asleep or in the minimum respiratory rates and minimum oxygen saturations in the awake and sleeping children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Deep sedation with propofol in preschool children undergoing radiation therapy.
Immobilization of children undergoing radiation therapy always requires anaesthesia. Deep sedation with continuous infusion of propofol and spontaneous breathing, (we call it ¿sedative anaesthesia'), may be an alternative to general anaesthesia with intubation and controlled ventilation. This clinical report deals with 155 anaesthetics performed in 11 consecutive paediatric oncology patients, mean age 30 months (range 19-42), who required radiation therapy for from seven to 33 consecutive days. ⋯ Children opened their eyes spontaneously four ( +/- 3.7) min after discontinuing the propofol infusion and could be discharged about 30 mins later. Tachyphylaxis or unpleasant side effects during and after anesthesia have not been observed. Sedative anaesthesia with propofol seems to be an excellent method to immobilize paediatric patients during radiotherapeutic procedures.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Letter Case ReportsDelayed recovery from anaesthesia in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.