Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized controlled trial of the antiemetic effect of three doses of ondansetron after strabismus surgery in children.
One hundred and thirty-one healthy children, aged 31-152 months, undergoing strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia, were randomly allocated to one of four groups: group A received 0.04 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 1 mg.m-2) of ondansetron, group B 0.1 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 2.5 mg.m-2), group C 0.2 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 5 mg.m-2) and group D placebo, given intravenously following induction of anaesthesia. Morphine 0.15 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously, intraoperatively, to provide postoperative analgesia. Hourly records of emetic episodes were made for 24 h. ⋯ Overall, children given ondansetron had less than one-half the risk of vomiting compared to those given placebo (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.74). The mean number of emetic episodes declined from 2.73 in the placebo group to 1.92 in treatment group C. There was no difference in the incidence of side-effects between groups.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSafety and efficacy of peribulbar block as adjunct to general anaesthesia for paediatric ophthalmic surgery.
Fifty children (age 5-14 years, ASA I-II) undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery were chosen for the study. Of these, 25 received intravenous pethidine (control group) and 25 received a peribulbar block (block group) for perioperative analgesia, and were monitored intraoperatively and postoperatively by an investigator blinded to the analgesic technique. ⋯ There were no complications related to the block. Peribulbar block appears to be a safe and useful analgesic technique for paediatric ophthalmic surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of the respiratory effects of high concentrations of halothane and sevoflurane.
We studied the respiratory effects of the administration of either 5% halothane or 8% sevoflurane in 70% nitrous oxide (N2O) for 5 min in 21 boys aged 1-5 years. A similar degree of ventilatory depression was noted with both agents. Minute volume fell by approximately 50% as a result of a reduction in tidal volume despite an increase in respiratory rate.
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We describe a child who developed acidosis, hyperkalaemia and cyanosis while emerging from an otherwise uneventful anaesthetic. A diagnosis of tumour lysis syndrome was suspected and confirmed biochemically. Although this syndrome is usually associated with chemotherapy and has been described to occur spontaneously, it has not previously been reported as being associated with anaesthesia.