Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2002
Initial experience with dexmedetomidine in paediatric-aged patients.
We present preliminary clinical experience with the use of dexmedetomidine, an alpha2 adrenergic agonist, in children. Dexmedetomidine was administered in three clinical scenarios: (i) to provide sedation during mechanical ventilation; (ii) intraoperatively for controlled hypotension during an orthopaedic surgical procedure; and (iii) to provide sedation during an invasive procedure. Preliminary data from studies in the adult population, its physiological effects and potential applications in paediatric anaesthesia and critical care are discussed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of rocuronium and suxamethonium for rapid tracheal intubation in children.
The purpose of our study was to determine whether a smaller dose of rocuronium than previously reported could provide similar intubating conditions to suxamethonium during rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia in children. ⋯ Rocuronium 0.9 mg.kg-1 provides similar intubating conditions to suxamethonium 1.5 mg.kg-1 during modified rapid-sequence induction using alfentanil and thiopentone in children (P=0.671). Rocuronium 0.6 mg.kg-1 was inadequate.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialComparison of pre- and postoperative administration of ketoprofen for analgesia after tonsillectomy in children.
Tonsillectomy is commonly performed in children, but unfortunately it is associated with intense postoperative pain. The use and optimal timing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. ketoprofen) during tonsillectomy is controversial. ⋯ This study demonstrates that ketoprofen did not have a preemptive effect and, at the dose used, did not perform statistically significantly better than placebo.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2002
The effects of an educational programme on the anxiety and satisfaction level of parents having parent present induction and visitation in a postanaesthesia care unit.
In Hong Kong, some hospitals have established the practice of Parental Presence Induction (PPI) and visitation in Postanaesthesia Care Units (PACU) for children receiving surgery. The literature indicates that parents reported extreme anxiety and discomfort after being present at induction of anaesthesia and suggests that it would seem appropriate to devise a programme of education to reduce anxiety for parents. ⋯ The study suggests that an educational programme preparing parents for their child's induction of anaesthesia and visitation to the PACU should be offered, as it can reduce their anxiety with the practice of PPI and visitation in the PACU and increase parents' satisfaction with care.