Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2002
Time-course of action of rocuronium 0.3 mg.kg-1 in children with and without endstage renal failure.
The time-course of the neuromuscular effects of rocuronium 0.3 mg.kg-1 during nitrous oxide-halothane anaesthesia in children with and without renal failure is unknown. This study compared the neuromuscular blocking effects in these groups. ⋯ In children with renal failure, aged over 1 year, a single bolus dose of rocuronium 0.3 mg.kg-1 does not cause a prolonged block, but has a slower onset than in healthy children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2002
Case ReportsSevere epiglottic prolapse and the obscured larynx at intubation.
Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital anomaly of the larynx and usually involves prolapse of the arytenoids, so-called 'posterior laryngomalacia'. Most cases resolve with growth of the child and maturation of the larynx, although, rarely, significant airway obstruction can be present. Severe laryngomalacia preventing intubation is rarely encountered. ⋯ The child was referred with a diagnosis of laryngeal atresia on the basis of the intubating laryngoscopic view of no apparent epiglottis or laryngeal inlet. The child was transferred with a tube in the oesophagus that kept the child oxygenated. At the time, oxygenation was felt to be due to a coexisting tracheo-oesophageal fistula, although this was eventually found not to be the case.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMivacurium infusion requirement and spontaneous recovery of neuromuscular transmission in children anaesthetized with nitrous oxide and fentanyl, halothane, isoflurane or sevoflurane.
Forty children, aged 3-11 years, ASA I or II, were allocated at random to receive N2O/O2-fentanyl or 1 MAC halothane, isoflurane or sevoflurane-N2O/O2 anaesthesia. Mivacurium was used for muscle relaxation. ⋯ Spontaneous recovery from T1=10% to TOF ratio=0.7 was insignificantly prolonged from 6.3 to 12.5 min in the fentanyl group to 7-16.5 min in children anaesthetized with inhalational anaesthetics.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2002
The correlation of bispectral index with endtidal sevoflurane concentration and haemodynamic parameters in preschoolers.
Bispectral index (BIS) is a signal processing device that potentially is a pharmacodynamic measure of the effects of anaesthesia on the central nervous system. ⋯ In preschool children undergoing sevoflurane anaesthesia for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, endtidal sevoflurane concentrations are more closely correlated with BIS than with MAP or heart rate.