Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe dose of caudal epidural analgesia and duration of postoperative analgesia.
Single dose caudal epidural is commonly utilized for postoperative analgesia in children. Previous studies have determined the optimal concentration of local anaesthetic, and the minimal volume to produce a desired dermatomal distribution. However, none has sought the optimal volume to administer. The specific aim of this study was to determine whether the volume of caudal epidural local anaesthetic influenced the duration of postoperative analgesia. ⋯ Increasing local anaesthetic dose and volume do not increase the duration of postoperative analgesia of caudal epidural in children undergoing inguinal herniorraphy.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDouble-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of the effect of ketamine on postoperative morphine consumption in children following appendicectomy.
Ketamine has an opioid sparing effect following surgery in adults. This study investigated whether a similar effect is seen following appendicectomy in paediatric patients. ⋯ In this paediatric population intravenous ketamine did not have a morphine sparing effect. The increased incidence of side-effects, especially hallucinations, reported by patients given a ketamine infusion may limit the further use of postoperative ketamine in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of 0.2% ropivacaine and 0.25% bupivacaine for axillary brachial plexus blocks in paediatric hand surgery.
The purpose of this study was to compare the use of ropivacaine 0.2% with bupivacaine 0.25% for axillary brachial plexus block in children undergoing hand surgery. ⋯ Ropivacaine 0.2% is as effective as bupivacaine 0.25% for axillary brachial plexus blocks in children undergoing hand surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison between instillation of bupivacaine versus caudal analgesia for postoperative analgesia following inguinal herniotomy in children.
In this study we compare the postoperative pain relief for inguinal herniotomy in children provided by instillation of bupivacaine into the wound with that provided by a caudal block. ⋯ Instillation of bupivacaine into a wound provides postoperative pain relief following hernia repair, which is as effective as that provided by a postoperative caudal block.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of patient-controlled analgesia with and without a background infusion after appendicectomy in children.
There have been many studies using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and opioids for postoperative analgesia in children. In this study, we investigated the efficacy, usefulness and analgesic consumption of two different PCA programmes [bolus dose alone (BD) or bolus dose with background infusion (BD + BI)] to evaluate postoperative analgesia for children after emergency appendicectomy. ⋯ We demonstrated that both these PCA programmes were effective and reliable for postoperative pain relief in children. We believe that giving information about PCA to the children and their parents is useful during the preoperative period. However, the background infusion with lower bolus dose in PCA did not increase pethidine consumption.