Paediatric anaesthesia
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Data concerning metabolism of diclofenac in children are limited to intravenous and enteric coated oral formulations. There are no data examining diclofenac or its hydroxyl metabolite pharmacokinetics after rectal administration in children. ⋯ The formation clearance of the active metabolite 4'-hydroxydiclofenac contributed 19% of total clearance (44.82 l.h(-1) 70 kg(-1)). The rectum is a suitable route for administration of diclofenac in children 2-8 year of age and was associated with a higher relative bioavailabilty than enteric-coated tablets and an earlier maximum concentration (50 vs. 108 min). This pharmacokinetic profile renders diclofenac suppository a suitable formulation for short duration surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Clinical TrialUse of intravenous ketorolac in the neonate and premature babies.
Ketorolac is a powerful nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used for pain control in children and adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate its safety and analgesic efficacy in the neonate. ⋯ Ketorolac could represent an efficacious analgesic alternative to opioids, particularly in neonates. It would avoid the side-effects associated with opioid analgesics, especially respiratory depression.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Anaesthesia considerations for cardiac MRI in infants and small children.
General anaesthesia is frequently necessary in infants and small children undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), because of the imaging techniques, MRI environment and potential need for breath-holding to facilitate imaging. Anaesthetizing paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) for cardiac MRI poses many challenges for the anaesthetist and this report reviews our experience. ⋯ Our experience demonstrates that general anaesthesia for cardiac MRI can be provided safely in infants and small children with CHD, despite the complexity and pathophysiology of many defects, the frequent breath-holding for image acquisitions and the MRI environment.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Manikin training for neonatal resuscitation with the laryngeal mask airway.
We describe our experience of brief (< or =15 min) manikin-only training with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for neonatal resuscitation in 80 health care workers. ⋯ We conclude that LMA insertion success rates are high and confidence increases after brief manikin-only training.