Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2006
Intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation after pediatric cardiac surgery.
Early extubation after cardiac surgery in children is feasible; however, predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) should be recognized as soon as possible. ⋯ Causes of MV after surgery are heterogeneous, vary with time, and have variable impact on the duration of MV.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2006
Case ReportsAnesthesia management for the child with Sanjad-Sakati syndrome.
Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, seizures, severe intrauterine and postnatal growth failure, dwarfism, mental retardation, dysmorphic features including retromicrognathia and abnormal dentition and increased susceptibility to infection. It is mainly confined to children in the Middle-East countries. We report the anesthesia management of a 12-year-old boy with SSS for dental treatment, and discuss the anesthesia implications of this disorder.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEmergence agitation in preschool children: double-blind, randomized, controlled trial comparing sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia.
This randomized, double-blind controlled trial was conducted to determine whether the association of sevoflurane for induction and isoflurane for anesthesia maintenance resulted in a lower incidence of postoperative agitation compared with sevoflurane as single agent. ⋯ The association of sevoflurane for induction and isoflurane for maintenance produced significant less postoperative agitation in preschool children receiving regional anesthesia during subumbilical surgery compared with sevoflurane for induction and maintenance.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialSafe removal of LMA in children - at what BIS?
Removal of an LMA without producing untoward complications has remained a matter of concern to all anesthesiologists; more so in pediatric practice where the margin of safety is narrow. Most work on LMA in adults supports its removal following return of airway reflexes. The situation regarding its removal in children is, however, less clear. ⋯ Bispectral index scoring should prove a useful adjunct to the present monitoring and can be used to achieve smoother emergence conditions. We suggest that LMA removal should be attempted in children when a BIS value of approximately 60 is reached.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA factorial study of ondansetron, metoclopramide, and dexamethasone for emesis prophylaxis after adenotonsillectomy in children.
We conducted a factorial study of emesis prophylaxis with ondansetron (OND), metoclopramide (MET), and dexamethasone (DEX). ⋯ We present novel study design and methods of analysis which are uniquely suited to studies of multiple interventions. Factorial design was a powerful tool, allowing simultaneous determination of dose-response relationships for three drugs and identifying a previously unreported negative interaction between OND and MET.