Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialCardiac rhythm and left ventricular function of infants at 1 MAC sevoflurane and halothane.
The implementation of sevoflurane in pediatric anesthesia practice led to a decrease in the incidence of cardiac arrest previously reported with halothane. Nevertheless, the effects of sevoflurane on cardiac rhythm and function have not been systematically investigated in infants. Thus, we compared cardiac rhythm and left ventricular function at 1 MAC sevoflurane and halothane anesthesia and investigated the potential benefit effect of atropine. ⋯ Indices of left ventricular function were comparable between groups with no clinically significant change following atropine administration. The present study confirms the favorable hemodynamic profile of sevoflurane in infants breathing spontaneously at 1 MAC concentration.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialWhen to add supplemental rectal paracetamol for postoperative analgesia with caudal bupivacaine in children? A prospective, double-blind, randomized study.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a supplemental dose of rectal paracetamol at the third or fourth hour would enhance the quality of analgesia provided by caudal epidural blockade in children. ⋯ Supplemental rectal paracetamol at the third hour of caudal blockade enhances the quality of postoperative analgesia better than its addition at the fourth hour in children undergoing inguinal surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialAssessment of small-dose fentanyl and sufentanil blunting the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in children.
The authors found no study assessing the efficacy of small-dose narcotics on the cardiovascular response from intubation in children, so they observed the effects of fentanyl 2 microg x kg(-1) and sufentanil 0.2 microg x kg(-1) on the cardiovascular changes during laryngoscopy and intubation in children. ⋯ When used as part of anesthesia induction with propofol in children, sufentanil 0.2 microg x kg(-1) 2 min before induction is more effective in attenuating the cardiovascular intubation response than fentanyl 2 microg x kg(-1).
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia on QTc interval and cardiac rhythm in children.
Inhalational anesthetics may prolong QTc interval (QT interval corrected for heart rate) of the ECG and cause life-threatening arrythmias. The effects of desflurane on QTc interval and cardiac rhythm have not been reported previously in children. We assessed the effects of desflurane anesthesia on QTc interval and cardiac rhythm and compared them with sevoflurane anesthesia in children. ⋯ Use of 2% sevoflurane during maintenance of anesthesia does not significantly prolong QTc interval while 6% desflurane significantly prolonged QTc interval in children with normal QTc interval undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy.