Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Anatomic relationship between the internal jugular vein and the carotid artery in preschool children--an ultrasonographic study.
Central venous cannulation in young children is technically difficult and may lead to potentially serious complications especially when performed blindly or using anatomical landmarks only. ⋯ This study demonstrates that the IJV cover the CA in the majority of young children. Depth of the IJV is rarely more than 1 cm deep to the skin. Ultrasound location of the IJV and CA is easy and does not necessarily delay the procedure. The findings of this study support the use of ultrasound guidance for CVC in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialRemifentanil for percutaneous intravenous central catheter placement in preterm infant: a randomized controlled trial.
There is limited evidence on the analgesic efficacy of opioids during percutaneous intravenous central catheter (PICC) insertion in preterm infants. ⋯ Low-dose remifentanil has a measurable, synergic analgesic effect in combination with 12% sucrose and non-nutritive sucking, but does not make PICC easier or quicker.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialDexmedetomidine disposition in children: a population analysis.
There are few data describing dexmedetomidine population pharmacokinetics (PK) in children (0-15 years) despite increasing use. ⋯ Clearance in neonates is approximately one-third of that described in adults, consistent with immature elimination pathways. Maintenance dosing, which is a function of clearance, should be reduced in neonates and infants when using a target concentration approach.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
ReviewContinuing medical education in pediatric anesthesia--a theoretical overview.
The importance of continuing medical education (CME) as a method of improving the quality of care of children undergoing anesthesia is universally recognized. This article, which is based on a presentation at the FEAPA European Conference on Paediatric Anaesthesia in September 2007 in Amsterdam, gives a theoretical overview of continuing education and introduces some generic educational concepts, such as the CRISIS-criteria and Kirkpatrick's evaluation model, which are as relevant to pediatric anesthesia as to other areas of medical practice. ⋯ Some consideration is given to how anesthesiologists can assess the potential worth of an educational activity for their practice. No attempt will be made to judge particular educational activities, as the choice of the most appropriate activity rests primarily with the individual.