Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of caudal block on sevoflurane requirement for lower limb surgery in children with cerebral palsy.
Caudal block is a widely used technique for providing perioperative pain management in children. In this randomized double-blinded study, we evaluated the effects of preoperative caudal block on sevoflurane requirements in children with cerebral palsy (CP) undergoing lower limb surgery while bispectral index (BIS) values were maintained between 45 and 55. ⋯ Caudal block effectively reduced sevoflurane requirements by 36% compared to general anesthesia alone in children with CP undergoing lower limb surgery while BIS values were maintained between 45 and 55.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation on electroencephalography in pediatric patients with febrile convulsion.
When electroencephalogram (EEG) activity is recorded for diagnostic purposes, the effects of sedative drugs on EEG activity should be minimal. This study compares the sedative efficacy and EEG effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine is a suitable agent to provide sedation for EEG recording in children. There is less change in EEG peak frequency and amplitude after dexmedetomidine than after midazolam sedation.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of GlideScope(®) videolaryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy for nasotracheal intubation in children.
The relative effectiveness of GlideScope(®) videolaryngoscopy (GV) for nasotracheal intubation in pediatric patients is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of GV for nasotracheal intubation compared with direct laryngoscopy (DL) in pediatric patients. ⋯ GV can provide similar intubation performance characteristics compared with DL when used for nasotracheal intubation in pediatric patients. However, experience is needed to be skillful in the GV to acquire comparable TTI with DL.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of caudal vs intravenous morphine on early extubation and postoperative analgesic requirements for stage 2 and 3 single-ventricle palliation: a double blind randomized trial.
High-dose single-shot caudal morphine has been postulated to facilitate early extubation and to lower initial analgesic requirements after staged single-ventricle (SV) palliation. ⋯ High-dose caudal morphine with bupivacaine delayed the need for rescue morphine analgesia in stage 3 patients. All stage 2 patients required early rescue morphine and had significantly higher postoperative 12-h morphine requirements than stage 3 patients. Early extubation is feasible for the majority of stage 2 and 3 SV patients regardless of analgesic regimen. The study was underpowered to assess differences in extubation failure rates.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialAn evaluation of intrathecal bupivacaine combined with intrathecal or intravenous clonidine in children undergoing orthopedic surgery: a randomized double-blinded study.
Propofol is a popular agent for providing intraoperative sedation in pediatric population during lumbar puncture and spinal anesthesia. Adjuvant-like clonidine is used increasingly in pediatric anesthesia to provide postoperative analgesia with a local anesthetic agent. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of intrathecal and intravenous clonidine on postoperative analgesia/sedation and intraoperative requirements of propofol after intrathecal bupivacaine for orthopedic surgery in children. ⋯ Intrathecal or intravenous clonidine similarly provided better postoperative analgesia and sedation and reduced the requirements of propofol. Only intrathecal clonidine prolonged the duration of sensory and motor blocks.