Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Multicenter StudyPediatric cardiopulmonary arrest in the postanesthesia care unit: analysis of data from the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry.
Nearly 20% of anesthesia-related pediatric cardiopulmonary arrests (CPAs) occur during emergence or recovery. The aims of this study were to describe (i) the nature of pediatric postanesthesia care unit (PACU) CPA and subsequent outcomes and (ii) factors associated with mortality. ⋯ This study identified similar risk factors and underlying causes as described in previous reports of pediatric perioperative CPA, with higher mortality following a cardiac/hemodynamic cause.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Observational StudyPlethysmographic variability index (PVI) accuracy in predicting fluid responsiveness in anesthetized children.
Plethysmographic Variability Index (PVI) has been shown to accurately predict responsiveness to fluid loads in adults. The goal of this study was to evaluate PVI accuracy when predicting fluid responsiveness during noncardiac surgery in children. ⋯ This study found both PVI and prechallenge SVI to be accurate when used to predict fluid load response during anesthetized noncardiac surgery in children. However, a third of recorded PVI values were inconclusive.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Multicenter StudyPrevention of intraoperative hypothermia in neonates and infants: results of a prospective multicenter observational study with a new forced-air warming system with increased warm air flow.
Neonates and infants are at the highest risk of developing perioperative hypothermia. A number of methods to prevent hypothermia during pediatric anesthesia are in use, and despite the fact that conventional forced-air warmers are the most effective devices, they are not always sufficient enough to maintain body temperature. Therefore, recently a new forced-air warming system with an increased warm air flow was introduced to the market. ⋯ The new forced-air warming system as a sole warming device is effective in preventing perioperative hypothermia during pediatric anesthesia in neonates and infants.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Comparative StudyLeft femoral vein is a better choice for cannulation in children: a computed tomography study.
Central venous catheters are often required in emergency rooms and intensive care and/or those undergoing major surgical procedures. In this study, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the anatomy of the femoral vessel in relation to central venous cannulation. ⋯ The incidence of overlap of the FA over the FV was significantly lower at the left side in pediatric patients. This finding was similar between the patients aged 2-8 years and those aged 9-16 years and may have significant clinical implications. Guiding clinicians to select the left FV of children for cannulation may result in lower arterial puncture rates while accessing the central vein.