Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2014
Review Meta AnalysisSafety of the breast-feeding infant after maternal anesthesia.
There has been an increase in breast-feeding supported by the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization. An anesthesiologist may be presented with a well-motivated breast-feeding mother who wishes to breast-feed her infant in the perioperative period. Administration of anesthesia entails acute administration of drugs with potential for sedation and respiratory effects on the nursing infant. ⋯ The aim should be to minimize the use of narcotics and benzodiazepines, use shorter acting agents, use regional anesthesia where possible and avoid agents with active metabolites. Frequent clinical assessments of the nursing infant are important. Available literature does suggest that although the currently available anesthetic and analgesic drugs are transferred in the breast milk, the amounts transferred are almost always clinically insignificant and pose little or no risk to the nursing infant.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of dexmedetomidine on early stage renal functions in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac angiography using non-ionic contrast media: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.
In this study we aimed to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on early stage renal function in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac angiography. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine may be beneficial in protecting against contrast-induced nephropathy during pediatric angiography by preventing the elevation of vasoconstrictor agents such as plasma endothelin-1 and renin.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of intranasal dexmedetomidine or oral midazolam premedication on sevoflurane EC50 for successful laryngeal mask airway placement in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of oral midazolam (OM) or intranasal dexmedetomidine (IND) on the EC50 of sevoflurane for successful laryngeal mask airway placement in children. We hypothesize that premedication with either agent might reduce the sevoflurane EC50 for laryngeal mask airway placement in children to a similar extent. ⋯ Oral midazolam and IND premedications significantly reduce the sevoflurane EC50 for laryngeal mask airway insertion in children by 17% and 21%, respectively.