Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA novel balanced isotonic sodium solution vs normal saline during major surgery in children up to 36 months: a multicenter RCT.
The use of isotonic electrolytic solutions for the intraoperative fluid management in children is largely recognized, but the exact composition still needs to be defined. ⋯ Sterofundin is safer than normal saline in protecting young children undergoing major surgery against the risk of increasing plasma chlorides and the subsequent metabolic acidosis.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
ReviewEffects of dexmedetomidine on sevoflurane requirement for 50% excellent tracheal intubation in children: a randomized, double-blind comparison.
We investigated the effects of two dexmedetomidine bolus and infusion combinations on the amount of sevoflurane required to produce 50% excellent tracheal intubation conditions (ED50 TI). ⋯ Dexmedetomidine infusion produced a dose-dependent decrease in the ED50 TI of sevoflurane in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Biography Historical ArticleThe development of a specialty: an interview with Dr. Mark C. Rogers, a pioneering pediatric intensivist.
Dr. Mark C. Rogers (1942-), Professor of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins University, was recruited by the Department of Pediatrics at Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1977 to become the first director of its pediatric intensive care unit. ⋯ He established a training programme that has produced a plethora of leaders, helped develop the pediatric critical care board examination, and initiated the first World Congress of Pediatric Intensive Care. Based on a series of interviews with Dr. Rogers, this article reviews his influential career and the impact he made on developing pediatric critical care as a specialty.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
An in vitro and in vivo validation of a novel monitor for intracuff pressure in cuffed endotracheal tubes.
The clinical practice of pediatric anesthesiology has changed with increasing use of cuffed endotracheal tubes (cETTs) in infants and children. To limit the risk of tracheal mucosal damage, regular monitoring of intracuff pressure (CP) is necessary. This study evaluates the efficacy and accuracy of a novel syringe device that provides a digital readout of the CP. ⋯ The study has demonstrated clinically acceptable correlation between the CPs obtained from the standard manometer and the syringe device both in vitro and in vivo. This device is a simple, reliable, portable, and affordable method to monitor CP.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialPostoperative analgesia using diclofenac and acetaminophen in children.
Diclofenac dosing in children for analgesia is currently extrapolated from adult data. Oral diclofenac 1.0 mg·kg(-1) is recommended for children aged 1-12 years. Analgesic effect from combination diclofenac/acetaminophen is unknown. ⋯ Combination therapy can be used to achieve similar analgesia with lower doses of both drugs.