Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2015
Blood transfusion in patients treated with surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common surgical emergency in premature infants and has high morbidity and mortality. Intraoperative treatment with fluid and transfusions may be difficult. ⋯ Patients having necrotizing enterocolitis with bowel resection are more likely to need preoperative transfusion with packed red blood cells, which may be more necessary when surgery is longer, preoperative hematocrit is lower, and estimated blood loss is higher.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2015
Neurosurgical conditions and procedures in infancy are associated with mortality and academic performances in adolescence: a nationwide cohort study.
Few human cohort studies on anesthesia-related neurotoxicity and the developing brain have focused on and compared specific surgeries and conditions. These studies cannot disentangle the effects of anesthesia from those of the surgery and underlying conditions. This study aimed at assessing the impact of specific neurosurgical conditions and procedures in infancy on mortality and academic achievements in adolescence. ⋯ Neurosurgery in infancy was associated with high mortality and significantly impaired academic achievements in adolescence. When studying anesthesia-related neurotoxicity and the developing brain, focus on specific surgeries/conditions is important. Pooling of major/minor conditions and major/minor surgeries should be avoided.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2015
Observational StudyNoninvasive cardiac output measurement using bioreactance in postoperative pediatric patients.
Thoracic bioreactance is a noninvasive and continuous method of cardiac output (CO) measurement that is being developed in adult patients. Very little information is available on thoracic bioreactance use in children. ⋯ The PE observed is too large, and the limits of agreement too wide, to enable us to comment on the equivalence of the two techniques of CO measurements. However, the NICOM(®) device performs well in tracking changes in CO following VE.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2015
Review Meta AnalysisSystematic Review and Meta-Analysis of benefits and risks between normothermia and hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery.
The controversy over the benefits between normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for children is still uncertain. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the benefits and risks of normothermia comparing with hypothermia in pediatric cardiac surgery by randomized controlled trials. ⋯ Normothermic CPB is as safe as hypothermic CPB in children requiring correction of simple congenital cardiac defects.