Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2015
Low incidence of pulmonary aspiration in children allowed intake of clear fluids until called to the operating suite.
International guidelines recommend 2 h of clear fluid fasting prior to general anesthesia. The pediatric anesthesia unit of Uppsala University Hospital has been implementing a more liberal fasting regime for more than a decade; thus, children scheduled for elective procedures are allowed to drink clear fluids until called to the operating suite. ⋯ Shortened fasting times may improve the perioperative experience for parents and children with a low risk of aspiration.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2015
Continuous minimally invasive cardiac output monitoring with the COstatus in a neonatal swine model: recalibration is necessary during vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
The COstatus monitor measures cardiac output via the transpulmonary ultrasound dilution method (COTPUD ) after injection of normal saline, and can calculate continuous cardiac output (CCO) from the arterial pressure waveform. The relationship between arterial waveform and COTPUD however, might be degraded during vasoconstriction/vasodilation. ⋯ Continuous cardiac output (CO) measured with the COstatus monitor requires recalibration during vasoconstriction and vasodilation, even if changes in COTPUD or SVR are not substantial.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2015
Clinical relevance of echocardiogram in patients with cerebral palsy undergoing posterior spinal fusion.
Spinal deformity is one of the secondary musculoskeletal problems that occur with cerebral palsy (CP). Of the co morbidities associated with CP and spinal deformity, cardiac function is of theoretical concern. ⋯ The results suggest that routine preoperative cardiology evaluation via echocardiogram for children with CP in the absence of clinical history or physical examination findings suggestive of cardiac disease is not necessary.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA randomized multi-institutional crossover comparison of the GlideScope(®) Cobalt Video laryngoscope to the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope in a Pierre Robin manikin.
The GlideScope Cobalt Video laryngoscope is being used more often in children with challenging laryngoscopy. There are, however, no pediatric trials comparing it to flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the current accepted gold standard. This preliminary manikin study compares the first-attempt intubation success of the GlideScope Cobalt video laryngoscope to the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope when performed by attending pediatric anesthesiologists at two major pediatric centers. ⋯ There was no difference in first-attempt success of tracheal intubation using VL vs fiberoptic bronchoscopy when performed by attending anesthesiologists at two large pediatric centers. However, institutional differences exist in success rates with VL across the two centers. Results from single-center device evaluations should be verified by multi-center evaluations. A significant proportion of attending anesthesiologists lack experience with advanced airway devices; targeted education may enhance intubation success and patient safety.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2015
Patients with single ventricle physiology undergoing noncardiac surgery are at high risk for adverse events.
Patients with single ventricle physiology are at increased anesthetic risk when undergoing noncardiac surgery. ⋯ We observed no mortality during or after noncardiac surgery in a high-risk subgroup of palliated cardiac patients with single ventricle physiology. However, 11.8% of patients had an adverse event associated with their anesthetic.