Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2016
Usefulness of stroke volume variation to assess blood volume during blood removal for autologous blood transfusion in pediatric patients.
Dynamic variables based on the heart-lung interaction induced by positive pressure ventilation have not been shown to be useful in assessing cardiac preload in pediatric patients. ⋯ Stroke volume variation obtained from the FloTrac/Vigileo(TM) monitoring system revealed a strong correlation with EBV during ANH without surgical stimulation. The usefulness of this device as an indicator of cardiac preload under hypovolemic or normovolemic conditions in children during surgery remains to be determined.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral chloral hydrate for sedated auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing.
Dexmedetomidine is increasingly used by various routes for pediatric sedation. However, there are few randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of dexmedetomidine to other commonly used sedatives. ⋯ Intranasal dexmedetomidine is an effective alternative to oral chloral hydrate sedation for ABR testing, with the advantages of a higher incidence of testing completion with a single dose, shorter time to desired sedation level, and with significantly more patients reported to return to baseline activity on the same day.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2016
Review Meta AnalysisOutcomes of dexmedetomidine treatment in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart disease surgery: a meta-analysis.
Dexmedetomidine decreases cardiac complications in adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery. This systematic review assessed whether perioperative dexmedetomidine improves congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery outcomes in children. ⋯ Current evidence indicates that dexmedetomidine improves outcomes in children undergoing CHD surgery. However, this finding largely relies on data from observational studies; high-quality RCTs are warranted because of the potential for subject selection bias.