Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
The role of ultrasound in appropriate endotracheal tube size selection in pediatric patients.
The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the success of ultrasound in pediatric patients in determining the appropriate sized cuffed endotracheal tube and to compare the results with conventional height-based (Broselow) tape and age-based formula tube size. ⋯ Our findings show that subglottic diameter measured by ultrasound appears to be a reliable predictor for the assessment of the subglottic diameter of the airway in estimating appropriate size pediatric endotracheal tube.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
Observational StudyDifferent predictivity of fluid responsiveness by pulse pressure variation in children after surgical repair of ventricular septal defect or tetralogy of Fallot.
Pulse pressure variation derived from the varied pulse contour method is based on heart-lung interaction during mechanical ventilation. It has been shown that pulse pressure variation is predictive of fluid responsiveness in children undergoing surgical repair of ventricular septal defect. Right ventricle compliance and pulmonary vascular capacitance in children with tetralogy of Fallot are underdeveloped as compared to those in ventricular septal defect. We hypothesized that the difference in the right ventricle-pulmonary circulation in the two groups of children would affect the heart-lung interaction and therefore pulse pressure variation predictivity of fluid responsiveness following cardiac surgery. ⋯ Pulse pressure variation is predictive of fluid responsiveness in ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot patients following cardiac surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
Lower airway dimensions in pediatric patients-A computed tomography study.
The aim of this study was to obtain lower airway dimensions in children by means of computed tomography (CT). ⋯ This comprehensive anatomical database of lower airway dimensions demonstrates that tracheal and bronchial diameters correlate better to age, and that tracheal and bronchial length correlate better to body length. All measured airway parameters correlated poorly to body weight.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
Anesthesia-related and perioperative mortality: An audit of 8493 cases at a tertiary pediatric teaching hospital in South Africa.
This study aimed to quantify the incidence of anesthesia-related and perioperative mortality at a large tertiary pediatric hospital in South Africa. ⋯ The overall 24-h and 30-day anesthesia-related and in-hospital perioperative mortality rates in our study are comparable with other similar studies from tertiary pediatric centers.