Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of caudal ropivacaine, ropivacaine plus ketamine and ropivacaine plus tramadol administration for postoperative analgesia in children.
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of single-dose caudal ropivacaine, ropivacaine plus ketamine and ropivacaine plus tramadol in children for postoperative pain management. ⋯ Ropivacaine (0.4%), ropivacaine (0.2%) plus ketamine (0.25 mg x kg(-1)) and ropivacaine (0.2%) plus tramadol (0.5 mg x kg(-1)) provided sufficient analgesia in children, but the duration of analgesia was longer in the RT group.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRofecoxib administration to paediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
Rofecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that does not interfere with platelet function and is associated with fewer bleeding complications than other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs). Our aims were to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of rofecoxib administration to paediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy (T&A). ⋯ Rofecoxib administration to paediatric patients undergoing T&A did not result in increased bleeding. Rofecoxib, however, was not found to decrease morphine use or improve pain scores prior to hospital discharge in T&A patients who received intraoperative morphine and acetaminophen.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAnalgesia for adenotonsillectomy in children: a comparison of morphine, ketamine and tramadol.
Establishment of good analgesia is of major concern in the postoperative period following adenotonsillectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ketamine, morphine and tramadol on postoperative pain after adenotonsillectomy in children. ⋯ Morphine hydrochloride 0.1 mg x kg(-1) i.v. administered during induction of anaesthesia provides efficient pain relief in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPentobarbital vs chloral hydrate for sedation of children undergoing MRI: efficacy and recovery characteristics.
Chloral hydrate (CH) sedation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with significant failure rates, adverse events and delayed recovery. Pentobarbital (PB), reportedly produces successful sedation in 98% of children undergoing diagnostic imaging. This study compared the efficacy, adverse events and recovery characteristics of CH vs PB in children undergoing MRI. ⋯ Although PB facilitated a quicker sedation onset and reduced the requirement for supplemental sedation, it produced a higher incidence of paradoxical reaction and prolonged recovery with a similar failure rate compared with CH.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2004
Comparative StudyAnaesthesia induction in children: a psychological evaluation of the efficiency of parents' presence.
The induction of anaesthesia for surgery is a stressful time for both child and parents. To treat preoperative anxiety in children, pharmacological methods (premedication) and behavioural methods (the presence of parents during the induction of anaesthesia) have been used, both independently and in combination. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of both premedication and parental presence on preoperative anxiety in a homogeneous population. ⋯ Maternal presence, compared with the father's presence, is fundamental in helping to overcome anxiety in a child receiving anaesthesia. If the parents are present during the induction, the addition of premedication does not offer further benefit. Parents themselves judged their presence during the induction of anaesthesia in their child as a positive event. We also found a statistical significant correlation between anxiety of the parents with the level of the stress of the child during induction of anaesthesia.