American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2014
Prevalence of symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of vulvodynia: population-based estimates from 2 geographic regions.
We used validated sensitive and specific questions associated with clinically confirmed diagnoses of unexplained vulvar pain (vulvodynia) to compare the cumulative incidence of vulvar pain and prevalence of care-seeking behavior in Boston metropolitan area (BMA) and in Minneapolis/Saint Paul metropolitan area (MSP) from 2001 through 2005 using census-based data, and 2010 through 2012, using outpatient community-clinic data, respectively. ⋯ Using identical screening methods, we report high prevalence of vulvar pain in 2 geographic regions, and that access to health care does not increase the likelihood of seeking care for chronic vulvar pain.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2014
Review Meta AnalysisMaternal sleep-disordered breathing and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are increased in pregnancy compared to the nongravid state. Maternal SDB may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but this is still under investigation. We performed a systematic literature review, and where feasible, a metaanalysis, to evaluate whether women with SDB in pregnancy have a higher risk of specific adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with women without SDB. ⋯ Based on published observational studies to date, maternal SDB is associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. However, large-scale, prospective cohort, and interventional studies are needed to further elucidate the relationship between maternal SDB and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2014
ReviewInfluence of qualitative research on women's health screening guidelines.
Considerable time and resources are allocated to carry out qualitative research. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the availability of qualitative research on women's health screening and assess its influence on screening practice guidelines in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. ⋯ Although there is considerable qualitative research that has been carried out on women's health screening, its incorporation into clinical practice guidelines is minimal. Further exploration of the disconnect between the two is important for enhancing knowledge translation of qualitative research within clinical practice.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 2014
Modifiable risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women: a population-based cohort study.
To determine modifiable risk factors and incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) in primiparous women. ⋯ Epidural analgesia in itself was protective against OASIS. Vacuum extraction increased the risk of OASIS, although mediolateral episiotomy was protective when applied in deliveries assisted by vacuum extraction.