American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 2014
Early and total neonatal mortality in relation to birth setting in the United States, 2006-2009.
We examined neonatal mortality in relation to birth settings and birth attendants in the United States from 2006 through 2009. ⋯ Our study shows a significantly increased total and early neonatal mortality for home births and even higher risks for women of 41 weeks or longer and women having a first birth. These significantly increased risks of neonatal mortality in home births must be disclosed by all obstetric practitioners to all pregnant women who express an interest in such births.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 2014
Progression of ultrasound findings of fetal syphilis after maternal treatment.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate ultrasound findings of fetal syphilis and to describe their progression after maternal treatment. ⋯ Sonographic signs of fetal syphilis confer a higher risk of congenital syphilis at delivery for all maternal stages. Hepatomegaly develops early and resolves last after antepartum treatment.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRemoval versus retention of cerclage in preterm premature rupture of membranes: a randomized controlled trial.
The decision of whether to retain or remove a previously placed cervical cerclage in women who subsequently rupture fetal membranes in a premature gestation is controversial and all studies to date are retrospective. We performed a multicenter randomized controlled trial of removal vs retention of cerclage in these patients to determine whether leaving the cerclage in place prolonged gestation and/or increased the risk of maternal or fetal infection. ⋯ Statistically significant differences were not seen in prolongation of latency, infection, or composite neonatal outcomes. However, there was a numerical trend in the direction of less infectious morbidity, with immediate removal of cerclage. These findings may not have met statistical significance if the original sample size of 142 was obtained, however they provide valuable data suggesting that there may be no advantage to retaining a cerclage after preterm premature rupture of membranes and a possibility of increased infection with cerclage retention.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 2014
Comparative Study Clinical TrialPrediction of postoperative pain after gynecologic laparoscopy for nonacute pelvic pain.
The primary objectives of this study were to explore the pain experience after gynecologic laparoscopy that is performed for nonacute pain conditions and to determine whether preoperative psychologic tests and quantitative tests of sensitization can predict postoperative pain. ⋯ Pain after laparoscopic surgery for nonacute painful conditions can be predicted by baseline pain, catastrophizing, and the presence of allodynia, which is a simple swab test that indicates sensitization.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Oct 2014
Multicenter Study Observational StudyNoninvasive prenatal screening for fetal trisomies 21, 18, 13 and the common sex chromosome aneuploidies from maternal blood using massively parallel genomic sequencing of DNA.
The objective of this study was to validate the clinical performance of massively parallel genomic sequencing of cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid contained in specimens from pregnant women at high risk for fetal aneuploidy to test fetuses for trisomies 21, 18, and 13; fetal sex; and the common sex chromosome aneuploidies (45, X; 47, XXX; 47, XXY; 47, XYY). ⋯ Our prospective study demonstrates that noninvasive prenatal analysis of cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid from maternal plasma is an accurate advanced screening test with extremely high sensitivity and specificity for trisomy 21 (>99%) but with less sensitivity for trisomies 18 and 13. Despite high sensitivity, there was modest positive predictive value for the small number of common sex chromosome aneuploidies because of their very low prevalence rate.