American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · May 1976
Comparative StudyExtraperitoneal cesarean section: a new need for old skills. A preliminary report.
Preliminary results of the effect of extraperitoneal cesarean section on operative and postoperative morbidity are presented. The extraperitoneal technique did not prolong delivery time or operative time, as compared to transperitoneal cesarean section. Postoperative febrile morbidity seemed to be less in the patients who had extraperitoneal cesarean section, even when compared to randomly selected transperitoneal cases. Further data will be necessary to conclude that renewed interest in this technique is warranted.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Feb 1976
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRapid infusion of sodium bicarbonate and albumin into high-risk premature infants soon after birth: a controlled, prospective trial.
We conducted a controlled, prospective trial to evaluate the effectiveness of rapidly infusing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and salt-poor albumin into high-risk, premature infants in the first 2 hours of life. Fifty-three infants, randomized into one of four treatment groups, received 8 ml. per kilogram of a solution containing either (A) glucose in water, (B) salt-poor albumin, (C) NaHCO3, or (D) a combination of albumin and NaHCO3. After the initial infusion, the babies received no colloid or alkali solutions until 4 hours of age. ⋯ Among the infants who received alkali, 14 of 26 acquired the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 11 died, and four had intracranial hemorrhage. Among babies who received no alkali, RDS occurred in 11 of 27, 5 died, and none had intracranial hemorrhage. These results do not support the common practice of rapidly infusing NaHCO3 into high-risk, premature infants, and they suggest that the early management of such infants needs renewed critical evaluation.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Feb 1976
Improvement of faculty teaching performance in a department of obstetrics and gynecology by student evaluation.
The primary purpose of a faculty evaluation program is to upgrade the over-all quality of teaching and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the individual teacher. Effective medical educators can thereby be suitably identified by objective and subjective criteria. Improvement of faculty teaching performance enhances student learning and can improve recruitment into our discipline.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jan 1976
Development of a special electrode for continuous subcutaneous pH measurement in the infant scalp.
Using a combined special glass electrode it is possible to monitor pH ratios and pH variation in the subcutaneous tissue of the infant scalp continuously. Tests on a normal sample of newborn babies immediately after birth showed a significant correlation between tissue pH and capillary blood pH, with the trend of pH variation being broadly similar in both measurement media.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Jul 1975
Transfer of lidocaine across the sheep placenta to the fetus. Hemodynamic and acid-base responses of the fetal lamb.
Placental transfer of lidocaine administered to pregnant sheep and removal of the drug from the fetal circulation were determined. Responses of the hemodynamic and acid-base state in the mother and fetus were also studied. Lidocaine readily crossed the placenta and appeared in the fetal blood as early as one minute following injection. ⋯ Lidocaine produced a transient fall in the fetal heart rate which was accompanied by a decrease in blood pH and oxygenation. Lidocaine also reduced umbilical blood flow and, in some instances, uterine blood flow. Decrease in umbilical blood flow was more pronounced in the initially asphyxiated fetus.