The American journal on addictions
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Prescription drug abuse has been a focus of public health concern over the past two decades with many studies addressing patterns of narcotic analgesic abuse and diversion. Most research in this domain has centered on controlled substances with known abuse liability. However, the scientific literature has been virtually silent regarding other prescribed medications with previously undocumented addictive potential, such as antiretroviral (ARV) medications for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus. ⋯ This article reviews the evidence to date of an emerging problem of diversion and misuse of ARV medications for recreational purposes. Implications of ARV misuse and diversion are discussed with suggestions for future research and intervention.
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Observational Study
Buprenorphine-naloxone treatment in opioid dependence and risk of liver enzyme elevation: results from a 12-month observational study.
Some case series mention possible liver toxicity in opioid-dependent patients under buprenorphine treatment. ⋯ This study is in line with some recent studies and provides further evidence that buprenorphine-naloxone is relatively safe with respect to liver injury.