The American journal on addictions
-
Multicenter Study
Health-related quality of life among prescription opioid-dependent patients: Results from a multi-site study.
Although prescription opioid use disorder has recently increased sharply in the United States, relatively little is known about the general well-being of this population. Assessment of quality of life in patients with substance use disorders has been recommended to improve clinical care. ⋯ The growing focus on wellness underscores the importance of measuring quality of life in addition to substance use outcomes. Routine assessment of health-related quality of life can add an important dimension to overall evaluation of patients' treatment response.
-
Although new medications are needed to address the harms of drug addiction, rates of willingness to participate in addiction treatment trials among people who use drugs (PWUD), have not been well characterized. ⋯ These results highlight the viability of studies seeking to enroll representative samples of PWUD engaged in high-risk drug use.
-
There is emerging evidence that the psychobiological mechanisms underlying behavioral addictions such as internet and videogame addiction resemble those of addiction for substances of abuse. ⋯ Videogame playing may be supported by similar neural mechanisms underlying drug abuse. Similar to drug and alcohol abuse, internet addiction results in sub-sensitivity of dopamine reward mechanisms. Given the fact that this research is in its early stage it is premature to conclude that internet addiction is equivalent to substance addictions.
-
An increased percentage of individuals entering opioid addiction treatment programs also report the presence of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). This study examined associations between the presence of CNCP and 6-month medication assisted addiction treatment (MAT) outcomes. ⋯ The correlations between CNCP and co-occurring depression/anxiety among MAT clients indicate an area of special concern for providers. A full biopsychosocial, including a focus on history of chronic physical pain, might be beneficial to help highlight potential co-morbidities and to encourage closer monitoring of the intertwining relationships between addiction, CNCP, and depression/anxiety.
-
Prescription drug abuse has been a focus of public health concern over the past two decades with many studies addressing patterns of narcotic analgesic abuse and diversion. Most research in this domain has centered on controlled substances with known abuse liability. However, the scientific literature has been virtually silent regarding other prescribed medications with previously undocumented addictive potential, such as antiretroviral (ARV) medications for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus. ⋯ This article reviews the evidence to date of an emerging problem of diversion and misuse of ARV medications for recreational purposes. Implications of ARV misuse and diversion are discussed with suggestions for future research and intervention.